An interchanging

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alternus, a, um, adj. [alter], one after the other, by turns, interchangeable, alternate (class. and also poet.).

In gen.: ( Sem)VNIS. ALTERNEI. ADVOCAPIT. CONCTOS (i. e. Semones alterni advocate cunctos), Carm. Fr. Arv. 36 (v. advoco fin.): alternā vice inire, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P. (Trag. v. 151 Vahl.):

alternae arbores,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 138:

Alterno tenebras et lucem tempore gigni,

Lucr. 5, 978:

ex duabus orationibus capita alterna recitare,

Cic. Clu. 51, 140:

alternis trabibus ac saxis,

with beams and stones regularly interchanged, Caes. B. G. 7, 23 Herz.:

(bibere) alternis diebus modo aquam, modo vinum,

Cels. 3, 2:

Alterno terram quatiunt pede,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 7:

per alternas vices,

Ov. P. 4, 2, 6:

vix hostem, alterni si congrediamur, habemus,

Verg. A. 12, 233; 6, 121: alternum foedus amicitiae, Cat. 109, 6: alternus metus, mutual or reciprocal fear, Liv. 26, 25; cf. id. 23, 26:

alternas servant praetoria ripas,

the opposite, Stat. S. 1, 3, 25:

aves,

the eagles which stand opposite to each other, Claud. Mall. Theod. prol. 16 (v. the passage in its connection):

alternis paene verbis T. Manlii factum laudans,

with almost every other word, Liv. 8, 30: alternis dicetis;

amant alterna Camenae,

responsive song, Verg. E. 3, 59:

versibus alternis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 146: alternis aptum sermonibus, alternate discourse, i. e. dialogue, id. A. P. 81. —Of verses: interchanging between hexameter and pentameter, elegiac:

pedes alternos esse oportebit,

Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 193:

epigramma alternis versibus longiusculis,

id. Arch. 10, 25; Ov. H. 15, 5:

canere alterno carmine,

id. F. 2, 121; so id. Tr. 3, 1, 11; 3, 1, 56; 3, 7, 10 (cf.:

modos impares,

id. ib. 2, 220).—

Esp., in the Roman courts of justice the accused, and afterwards the accuser, could alternately reject all the judges appointed by the prætor;

hence, alterna consilia or alternos judices reicere,

to reject by turns, Cic. Vatin. 11, 27; id. Planc. 15, 36:

cum alternae civitates rejectae sunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. and sup. are not used. — Advv. (only in posit.).

Form alternē, alternately, only in Sen. Q. N. 7, 12 med. —

Form alternīs ( abl. plur.; sc. vicibus), alternately, by turns ( poet. and prose; freq. in Lucr.;

not in Cic.),

Lucr. 1, 524; 1, 768; 1, 1011; 1, 1066; 3, 373; 4, 790; 6, 570; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 9; Verg. E. 3, 59; id. G. 1, 71; 1, 79; Liv. 2, 2 med.; Sen. Ep. 120 fin.; Plin. Ep. 18, 2.—

Form alternă, neutr. plur., Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138 Jan; App. M. 10, p. 247, 8 Elm.

crīmen, ĭnis, n. [contr. for cernimen, from cerno, II. C.]; lit., a judicial decision, verdict, judgment; hence, transf., like the Gr. krima, of the subject of such a decision, and with partieular reference either to the accuser or to the accused.

Subject., or with reference to the accuser, a charge, accusation, reproach; esp. when unfounded, a calumny, slander (very freq. in every period and species of composition):

criminin' me habuisse fidem?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 15; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 13:

hae litterae fidem Persei criminibus fecerunt,

Liv. 40, 23, 9:

cum respondero criminibus,

Cic. Planc. 2, 4:

se falsis criminibus circumventum,

Sall. C. 34, 2; cf.:

crimen falsum,

Cic. Quint. 2, 8; Hor. C. 3, 7, 14:

criminibus adversariorum in invidiam venire,

Nep. Epam. 7, 3:

sermones pleni criminum in Patres,

Liv. 6, 14, 11:

crimina et suspiciones,

id. 40, 15, 3:

tanti maleficii crimen probare te censes posse talibus viris, si, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 72:

sceleris maximi,

id. Cael. 23, 56; cf. id. ib. 27, 65; id. Sull. 24, 8:

istius conjurationis,

id. ib. 4, 12:

avaritiae,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192; 2, 5, 1, § 2:

veneficii,

Quint. 5, 7, 37:

ubi est crimen quod reprehenditis?

i. e. the point of the accusation, Cic. Sest. 38, 80 Halm ad loc.:

quo enim illi crimine peccatoque perierunt?

id. Cael. 30, 71:

haec causa est omnium horum scelerum atque criminum,

id. ib. 25, 61;

so (approaching the signif. II. A. infra), id C. Norbano in nefario crimine atque in fraude capitali esse ponendum,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 199 Sorof ad loc.:

era in crimen veniet,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 55 (era male audiet, Don.):

quid? sciebas tibi crimini datum iri?

would be made a reproach? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf. Ov. M. 1, 766:

crimen adferre,

Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 27; cf.:

crimen inferre, offerre,

id. Lael. 18, 65:

in quos crimen intendebatur,

Liv. 9, 26, 11:

esse in crimine,

to stand charged with, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100:

propulsare,

id. Sull. 4, 12:

defendere,

to repel, confute, id. ib.; Ov. M. 13, 303;

and opp. obicere,

Quint. 6, 3, 69:

repellere, transferre,

id. 4, 2, 26 et saep.— Poet.: belli, pretexts (causae), Verg. A. 7, 339.—

Meton. (abstr. pro concreto), an object of reproach or invective:

perpetuae crimen posteritatis eris,

Ov. Tr. 4, 9, 26.—

Object., or with reference to the accused, the fault complained of, a crime, fault, offence (freq., but rare in ante-Aug. prose).

Lit.

Ingen.:

foedati crimine turpi,

Lucr. 3, 49:

cum haec (causa) non in crimine aliquo, quod ille posset infitiari... consisteret,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182 Sorof ad loc.:

crimen meum indicare,

Liv. 40, 12, 10; 41, 25, 6:

carendum non solum crimine turpitudinis, verum etiam suspicione,

Quint. 2, 2, 14:

cum quidam crimen ultro faterentur,

Suet. Claud. 36:

velut crimen taedas exosa jugales,

Ov. M. 1, 483:

non prodere vultu,

id. ib. 2, 447:

scire,

id. ib. 2, 614:

hoc si crimen erit, crimen amoris erit,

Prop. 2 (3), 30, 24; cf.:

tuum crimen erit,

thy fault, id. 2 (3), 28, 2:

crimina et innoxios discernere,

Tac. A. 1, 55.—Ovid in his Tristia very freq. calls the offence on account of which he was banished crimina or crimen, interchanging it with error, e. g. 1, 9, 64; 2, 3; 2, 207; 3, 5, 52; 3, 6, 26 al.—

Of inanim. objects:

crimina brassicae sunt, animae gravitatem facere, etc.,

fault, defect, Plin. 20, 9, 35, § 91.—

In partic., the crime of lewdness, adultery, Ov. M. 9, 24; Sil. 6, 634.—

Meton.

An object representing a crime:

et rupit pictas, caelestia crimina, vestes, i. e. deorum adulteria,

Ov. M. 6, 131; cf.:

tum paries nullo crimine pictus erat,

Prop. 2, 6, 34 (2, 5, 26 Bip.):

impressā signat sua crimina gemmā,

a letter containing her crime, Ov. M. 9, 566.—

A cause of a crime, a criminal:

se causam clamat crimenque caputque malorum,

Verg. A. 12, 600; cf.:

a pereant Baiae, crimen amoris, aquae,

Prop. 1, 11, 30:

Crimen et illa fuit... Myrrha,

id. 3, 19 (4, 18), 15.

permūtātĭo, ōnis, f. [permuto].

A changing, altering, change, alteration:

magna rerum,

Cic. Sest. 34, 73:

temporum,

id. Par. 6, 3, 51; Amm. 15, 3, 7:

defensionis,

Quint. 5, 13, 41:

vicissitudinum,

Vulg. Sap. 7, 18.—

An interchanging, barter, exchanging, exchange:

mercium,

Tac. G. 5, 4:

partim emptiones, partim permutationes,

Cic. Pis. 21, 48:

haec res permutationem non recipit,

Dig. 30, 1, 51:

rerum,

ib. 19, 5, 5:

captivorum,

Eutr. 2, 25; Gai. Inst, 3, 141. —Of exchanging money, negotiating a bill of exchange, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 4; id. Att. 5, 13, 2.—

In rhet., of one expression for another, permutation, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—

Of one person for another:

similis si permutatio detur,

Juv. 6, 653.